{"id":78847,"date":"2024-11-29T12:27:14","date_gmt":"2024-11-29T12:27:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/knowhow.distrelec.com\/non-classifiee\/le-guide-ultime-des-microcontroleurs-pour-debutants\/"},"modified":"2024-12-05T09:54:54","modified_gmt":"2024-12-05T09:54:54","slug":"le-guide-ultime-des-microcontroleurs-pour-debutants","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/knowhow.distrelec.com\/fr\/stem-et-education\/le-guide-ultime-des-microcontroleurs-pour-debutants\/","title":{"rendered":"Le guide ultime des microcontr\u00f4leurs pour d\u00e9butants"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><\/p>\n\n<p><em>Les microcontr\u00f4leurs constituent le c\u0153ur de nombreuses technologies modernes, bien qu\u2019ils puissent sembler complexes au premier abord.\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n\n<p>Les <a href=\"https:\/\/www.distrelec.biz\/en\/semiconductors\/embedded-processors-controllers\/microcontrollers-mcu\/c\/cat-L3D_525272?queryFromSuggest=true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">microcontr\u00f4leurs<\/a> forment la colonne vert\u00e9brale d\u2019une grande partie des technologies modernes. Int\u00e9gr\u00e9s dans une multitude d\u2019appareils, ils automatisent des t\u00e2ches, ex\u00e9cutent des commandes et rendent les interactions plus intelligentes. Depuis leur introduction au d\u00e9but des ann\u00e9es 1970, les microcontr\u00f4leurs et microprocesseurs ont r\u00e9volutionn\u00e9 l\u2019\u00e9lectronique en concentrant une puissance de calcul impressionnante dans des puces compactes.<\/p>\n\n<p>Ce tutoriel explore les principes fondamentaux des microcontr\u00f4leurs : leur d\u00e9finition, leur fonctionnement et leur importance dans les applications modernes. Que vous soyez novice en \u00e9lectronique ou que vous souhaitiez enrichir votre bo\u00eete \u00e0 outils d\u2019ing\u00e9nierie, ce guide est con\u00e7u pour vous accompagner \u00e0 chaque \u00e9tape.<\/p>\n\n<h2 id=\"quest-ce-quun-microcontroleur\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Qu&rsquo;est-ce qu&rsquo;un microcontr\u00f4leur ?<\/h2>\n\n<p>Un microcontr\u00f4leur agit comme un mini-ordinateur, sp\u00e9cialement con\u00e7u pour r\u00e9aliser une ou plusieurs t\u00e2ches pr\u00e9cises. Contrairement aux ordinateurs classiques, capables d\u2019ex\u00e9cuter une multitude de programmes, les microcontr\u00f4leurs se concentrent sur des fonctions sp\u00e9cifiques, souvent r\u00e9p\u00e9t\u00e9es. Compacts, \u00e9conomes en \u00e9nergie et id\u00e9aux pour \u00eatre int\u00e9gr\u00e9s directement dans des appareils, ils \u00e9quipent de nombreux objets du quotidien, tels que les machines \u00e0 laver, les drones ou encore les thermostats intelligents.<\/p>\n\n<p>Chaque microcontr\u00f4leur est constitu\u00e9 de trois composants principaux :<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>CPU (Unit\u00e9 Centrale de Traitement)<\/strong> : le \u00ab cerveau \u00bb du microcontr\u00f4leur, charg\u00e9 de traiter les instructions et d&rsquo;ex\u00e9cuter les t\u00e2ches programm\u00e9es.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>M\u00e9moire <\/strong>: sert \u00e0 stocker le programme (dans la ROM ou la m\u00e9moire Flash) ainsi que les donn\u00e9es n\u00e9cessaires \u00e0 son ex\u00e9cution (dans la RAM).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Ports d\u2019entr\u00e9e\/sortie (E\/S)<\/strong> : ces ports permettent au microcontr\u00f4leur d\u2019interagir avec d\u2019autres appareils ou composants, tels que des capteurs, des moteurs ou des \u00e9crans.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 id=\"microcontroleurs-vs-microprocesseurs-quelles-sont-les-principales-differences\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Microcontr\u00f4leurs vs Microprocesseurs : Quelles sont les principales diff\u00e9rences ?<\/h2>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img  loading=\"lazy\"  decoding=\"async\"  height=\"683\"  width=\"1024\"  src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAABAAAAAKrAQMAAABV2G3XAAAAA1BMVEUAAP+KeNJXAAAAAXRSTlMAQObYZgAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAAGxJREFUeNrtwTEBAAAAwqD1T20MH6AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAOBtYOgAB23VbnQAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==\"  alt=\"\"  class=\"wp-image-77887 pk-lazyload\"  data-pk-sizes=\"auto\"  data-ls-sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\"  data-pk-src=\"https:\/\/knowhow.distrelec.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/GettyImages-1638779039-1-1024x683.jpg\"  data-pk-srcset=\"https:\/\/knowhow.distrelec.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/GettyImages-1638779039-1-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/knowhow.distrelec.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/GettyImages-1638779039-1-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/knowhow.distrelec.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/GettyImages-1638779039-1-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/knowhow.distrelec.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/GettyImages-1638779039-1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/knowhow.distrelec.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/GettyImages-1638779039-1-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/knowhow.distrelec.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/GettyImages-1638779039-1-380x253.jpg 380w, https:\/\/knowhow.distrelec.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/GettyImages-1638779039-1-550x367.jpg 550w, https:\/\/knowhow.distrelec.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/GettyImages-1638779039-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https:\/\/knowhow.distrelec.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/GettyImages-1638779039-1-1160x773.jpg 1160w, https:\/\/knowhow.distrelec.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/GettyImages-1638779039-1-scaled.jpg 2560w\" ><\/figure>\n\n<p>Les microcontr\u00f4leurs et les <a href=\"https:\/\/www.distrelec.biz\/en\/semiconductors\/embedded-processors-controllers\/microprocessors-mpu\/c\/cat-DNAV_PL_010409?queryFromSuggest=true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">microprocesseurs<\/a> sont souvent confondus. Il est donc essentiel de d\u00e9terminer si vous avez besoin d&rsquo;un microprocesseur (MPU) ou d&rsquo;un microcontr\u00f4leur (MCU). Ces deux types de puces sont pr\u00e9sents dans la majorit\u00e9 des appareils \u00e9lectroniques, et certains dispositifs utilisent m\u00eame les deux, mais pour des fonctions diff\u00e9rentes :<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Microcontr\u00f4leur<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Microprocesseur<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Con\u00e7us pour des t\u00e2ches sp\u00e9cifiques et d\u00e9di\u00e9es<\/td><td>Con\u00e7u pour des op\u00e9rations complexes et multit\u00e2ches<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Int\u00e8gre une unit\u00e9 centrale, une m\u00e9moire et des entr\u00e9es\/sorties dans une seule puce.<\/td><td>N\u00e9cessite des composants de m\u00e9moire et d&rsquo;entr\u00e9es\/sorties distincts.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Id\u00e9al pour les syst\u00e8mes embarqu\u00e9s (appareils \u00e9lectrom\u00e9nagers, jouets, etc.)<\/td><td>Id\u00e9al pour les ordinateurs et les tablettes<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n<h2 id=\"fonctionnement-des-microcontroleurs\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Fonctionnement des microcontr\u00f4leurs<\/h2>\n\n<p>En tant que cerveau du microcontr\u00f4leur, l&rsquo;unit\u00e9 centrale r\u00e9cup\u00e8re et ex\u00e9cute les instructions stock\u00e9es dans la m\u00e9moire. Apr\u00e8s avoir r\u00e9cup\u00e9r\u00e9 et d\u00e9cod\u00e9 les instructions, elle ex\u00e9cute les t\u00e2ches correspondantes. Les donn\u00e9es et les instructions n\u00e9cessaires \u00e0 l&rsquo;unit\u00e9 centrale sont conserv\u00e9es dans la m\u00e9moire. Les deux types de m\u00e9moire les plus couramment utilis\u00e9s par les microcontr\u00f4leurs sont la ROM, qui stocke de mani\u00e8re permanente les instructions du programme, et la RAM, qui garde les donn\u00e9es temporaires auxquelles l&rsquo;unit\u00e9 centrale acc\u00e8de rapidement pendant le fonctionnement du microcontr\u00f4leur.<\/p>\n\n<p>Les ports d&rsquo;entr\u00e9e\/sortie (E\/S), capables de supporter des signaux num\u00e9riques ou analogiques selon le mod\u00e8le, permettent au microcontr\u00f4leur de communiquer avec des dispositifs externes. Des p\u00e9riph\u00e9riques int\u00e9gr\u00e9s, tels que les minuteries et les convertisseurs, enrichissent les fonctionnalit\u00e9s du microcontr\u00f4leur.<\/p>\n\n<p>Un microcontr\u00f4leur doit d&rsquo;abord \u00eatre programm\u00e9 \u00e0 l&rsquo;aide d&rsquo;un langage sp\u00e9cifique avant de pouvoir \u00eatre utilis\u00e9. Une fois programm\u00e9, il ex\u00e9cute les instructions stock\u00e9es et accomplit les t\u00e2ches qui lui sont assign\u00e9es.<\/p>\n\n<h2 id=\"les-types-de-microcontroleurs-et-leurs-applications\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Les types de microcontr\u00f4leurs et leurs applications<\/h2>\n\n<p>Bien qu&rsquo;il existe une grande vari\u00e9t\u00e9 de microcontr\u00f4leurs, voici quelques-uns des plus courants :<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.distrelec.biz\/en\/semiconductors\/embedded-processors-controllers\/microcontrollers-mcu\/avr-microcontrollers\/c\/cat-DNAV_PL_01040804?queryFromSuggest=true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Microcontr\u00f4leurs Arduino (AVR)<\/strong><\/a><strong> :<\/strong> Reconnus pour leur logiciel intuitif et le soutien d&rsquo;une large communaut\u00e9, les microcontr\u00f4leurs Arduino sont id\u00e9aux pour les d\u00e9butants et sont largement utilis\u00e9s dans les \u00e9tablissements d&rsquo;enseignement.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.distrelec.biz\/en\/semiconductors\/embedded-processors-controllers\/microcontrollers-mcu\/pic-microcontrollers\/c\/cat-DNAV_PL_01040803?queryFromSuggest=true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Microcontr\u00f4leurs PIC <\/strong><\/a><strong>:<\/strong> Tr\u00e8s utilis\u00e9s dans les applications industrielles et automobiles, ils se distinguent par leur fiabilit\u00e9 et leur adaptabilit\u00e9.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.distrelec.biz\/en\/semiconductors\/embedded-processors-controllers\/microcontrollers-mcu\/arm-microcontrollers\/c\/cat-DNAV_PL_01040808?queryFromSuggest=true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Microcontr\u00f4leurs ARM Cortex-M <\/strong><\/a><strong>:<\/strong> Utilis\u00e9s dans les produits \u00e9lectroniques grand public les plus avanc\u00e9s, ils offrent une puissance de traitement \u00e9lev\u00e9e et une grande flexibilit\u00e9, ce qui les rend id\u00e9aux pour des projets plus complexes.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Les microcontr\u00f4leurs peuvent piloter une large gamme de dispositifs \u00e9lectroniques, notamment dans les applications requ\u00e9rant des op\u00e9rations r\u00e9p\u00e9titives ou des calculs rapides. Voici quelques exemples d&rsquo;appareils couramment contr\u00f4l\u00e9s par des microcontr\u00f4leurs :<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ordinateurs<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Robotique<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Syst\u00e8mes embarqu\u00e9s<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Appareils m\u00e9nagers<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00c9quipements industriels<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Dispositifs portables<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Internet des objets (IoT)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Syst\u00e8mes de s\u00e9curit\u00e9<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Capteurs et r\u00e9seaux de capteurs<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 id=\"comment-debuter-avec-les-microcontroleurs\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Comment d\u00e9buter avec les microcontr\u00f4leurs<\/h2>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img  decoding=\"async\"  src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABAQMAAAAl21bKAAAAA1BMVEUAAP+KeNJXAAAAAXRSTlMAQObYZgAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAAApJREFUCNdjYAAAAAIAAeIhvDMAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\"  alt=\"\"  class=\"wp-image-77955 pk-lazyload\"  data-pk-sizes=\"auto\"  data-pk-src=\"https:\/\/knowhow.distrelec.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/GettyImages-1783880338-1024x683.jpg\" ><\/figure>\n\n<p>Pour d\u00e9buter avec les microcontr\u00f4leurs, suivez ces \u00e9tapes :<\/p>\n\n<h3 id=\"1-selectionnez-un-microcontroleur-ou-une-carte-de-developpement\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. S\u00e9lectionnez un microcontr\u00f4leur ou une carte de d\u00e9veloppement<\/h3>\n\n<p>Le microcontr\u00f4leur id\u00e9al pour votre application d\u00e9pendra de plusieurs facteurs, tels que la puissance de traitement, la m\u00e9moire, les E\/S et les p\u00e9riph\u00e9riques n\u00e9cessaires ; il n&rsquo;y a pas de  \u00ab meilleur \u00bb microcontr\u00f4leur universel. Choisir le microcontr\u00f4leur appropri\u00e9 est une \u00e9tape cruciale qui peut s&rsquo;av\u00e9rer complexe, car il faut prendre en compte les sp\u00e9cificit\u00e9s de votre projet. Les mod\u00e8les les plus courants, comme les <a href=\"https:\/\/www.distrelec.biz\/en\/semiconductors\/embedded-processors-controllers\/microcontrollers-mcu\/avr-microcontrollers\/c\/cat-DNAV_PL_01040804?queryFromSuggest=true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">AVR<\/a> ou les <a href=\"https:\/\/www.distrelec.biz\/en\/semiconductors\/embedded-processors-controllers\/microcontrollers-mcu\/pic-microcontrollers\/c\/cat-DNAV_PL_01040803?queryFromSuggest=true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">PIC<\/a>, sont particuli\u00e8rement recommand\u00e9s pour les d\u00e9butants, en raison de la richesse des ressources en ligne et des forums d&rsquo;assistance.<\/p>\n\n<p>Les cartes de d\u00e9veloppement sont des <a href=\"https:\/\/www.distrelec.biz\/en\/development-boards-kits\/c\/cat-L1D_1859641\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">circuits imprim\u00e9s<\/a> qui int\u00e8grent un microcontr\u00f4leur sp\u00e9cifique, ainsi que les circuits auxiliaires n\u00e9cessaires pour faciliter et acc\u00e9l\u00e9rer le prototypage et la programmation. Des cartes de d\u00e9veloppement populaires, telles que le <a href=\"https:\/\/www.distrelec.biz\/en\/manufacturer\/raspberry-pi\/man_rpi?queryFromSuggest=true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Raspberry Pi<\/a> et l&rsquo;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.distrelec.biz\/en\/microcontroller-board-arduino-uno\/pf\/327487\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Arduino Uno<\/a>, sont devenues des choix incontournables dans la communaut\u00e9 des bricoleurs \u00e9lectroniques, r\u00e9volutionnant ainsi l&rsquo;apprentissage de l&rsquo;\u00e9lectronique et la construction de projets.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n<h3 id=\"2-configurez-votre-environnement-de-developpement\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. Configurez votre environnement de d\u00e9veloppement<\/h3>\n\n<ol start=\"2\" class=\"wp-block-list\"><\/ol>\n\n<p>Un d\u00e9marrage r\u00e9ussi repose sur la mise en place d&rsquo;un environnement de d\u00e9veloppement ad\u00e9quat. L&rsquo;Arduino IDE (Integrated Development Environment) est une option tr\u00e8s pris\u00e9e pour les cartes Arduino, en raison de sa simplicit\u00e9 et de sa facilit\u00e9 d&rsquo;utilisation. Il s&rsquo;agit d&rsquo;un programme gratuit qui permet aux utilisateurs d&rsquo;\u00e9crire, de compiler et de t\u00e9l\u00e9charger du code sur le microcontr\u00f4leur. Des plateformes comme PlatformIO offrent un d\u00e9veloppement plus avanc\u00e9 dans des IDE tels que Visual Studio Code, et prennent en charge une large gamme de cartes pour des microcontr\u00f4leurs plus sophistiqu\u00e9s. Les premi\u00e8res \u00e9tapes consistent \u00e0 installer le logiciel n\u00e9cessaire, \u00e0 connecter la carte de d\u00e9veloppement \u00e0 votre PC, puis \u00e0 suivre les instructions d&rsquo;installation sp\u00e9cifiques \u00e0 la carte choisie.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n<h3 id=\"3-rediger-un-code-de-base\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. R\u00e9diger un code de base<\/h3>\n\n<ol start=\"3\" class=\"wp-block-list\"><\/ol>\n\n<p>Pour acqu\u00e9rir de l&rsquo;exp\u00e9rience dans la programmation de microcontr\u00f4leurs, commencez par des exercices de codage simples. Faire clignoter une LED est un projet d&rsquo;introduction classique qui enseigne les bases du contr\u00f4le des sorties. Pour explorer davantage la mani\u00e8re dont les microcontr\u00f4leurs interagissent avec leur environnement, vous pouvez passer \u00e0 la lecture d&rsquo;entr\u00e9es provenant de <a href=\"https:\/\/www.distrelec.biz\/en\/sensors\/c\/cat-L2D_379612\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">capteurs<\/a>, comme les <a href=\"https:\/\/www.distrelec.biz\/en\/sensors\/temperature-sensors\/c\/cat-L3D_525493\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">capteurs de temp\u00e9rature<\/a>. Afin de faciliter la compr\u00e9hension de la syntaxe et de la structure du code utilis\u00e9 dans les syst\u00e8mes embarqu\u00e9s, l&rsquo;IDE Arduino propose des exemples de sketches illustrant des fonctions courantes.<\/p>\n\n<h3 id=\"4-progressez-vers-des-projets-plus-complexes\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. Progressez vers des projets plus complexes<\/h3>\n\n<ol start=\"4\" class=\"wp-block-list\"><\/ol>\n\n<p>Une fois que vous avez ma\u00eetris\u00e9 les bases, progressez vers des projets de plus en plus complexes, impliquant un grand nombre d&rsquo;entr\u00e9es, de sorties et de syst\u00e8mes de contr\u00f4le. Par exemple, vous pourriez concevoir une alarme \u00e0 d\u00e9tection de mouvement qui se d\u00e9clenche lorsqu&rsquo;un mouvement est d\u00e9tect\u00e9, ou un ventilateur contr\u00f4l\u00e9 par la temp\u00e9rature qui s&rsquo;allume d\u00e8s qu&rsquo;un capteur enregistre une temp\u00e9rature sp\u00e9cifique. Ces projets permettent de renforcer les comp\u00e9tences de base, telles que la gestion de multiples entr\u00e9es et sorties, la mise en place de syst\u00e8mes de r\u00e9troaction et l&rsquo;utilisation d&rsquo;expressions conditionnelles. Vous am\u00e9liorerez vos comp\u00e9tences en programmation et rel\u00e8verez des d\u00e9fis de plus en plus complexes en manipulant des param\u00e8tres plus sophistiqu\u00e9s. Une fois \u00e0 l&rsquo;aise, passez \u00e0 des projets int\u00e9grant plusieurs entr\u00e9es et sorties, comme un ventilateur \u00e0 temp\u00e9rature contr\u00f4l\u00e9e ou une alarme \u00e0 d\u00e9tection de mouvement.<\/p>\n\n<h2 id=\"conclusion\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Conclusion<\/h2>\n\n<p>Comprendre les microcontr\u00f4leurs est une comp\u00e9tence cruciale dans le monde technologique actuel, notamment pour ceux qui souhaitent se lancer dans l&rsquo;ing\u00e9nierie, l&rsquo;automatisation ou l&rsquo;Internet des objets (IoT). En ma\u00eetrisant les bases et en exp\u00e9rimentant avec des projets simples, vous d\u00e9couvrirez rapidement la puissance de ces petits dispositifs et pourrez progresser vers des applications plus avanc\u00e9es. Que vous aspiriez \u00e0 construire des robots, \u00e0 d\u00e9velopper des dispositifs IoT ou \u00e0 automatiser des syst\u00e8mes, les microcontr\u00f4leurs constitueront un outil indispensable dans votre bo\u00eete \u00e0 outils d&rsquo;ing\u00e9nieur.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Les microcontr\u00f4leurs constituent le c\u0153ur de nombreuses technologies modernes, bien qu\u2019ils puissent sembler complexes au premier abord.\u00a0 Les&hellip;\n","protected":false},"author":16,"featured_media":78230,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"csco_singular_sidebar":"","csco_page_header_type":"","csco_appearance_grid":"","csco_page_load_nextpost":"","csco_post_video_location":[],"csco_post_video_location_hash":"","csco_post_video_url":"","csco_post_video_bg_start_time":0,"csco_post_video_bg_end_time":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[187],"tags":[],"coauthors":[1738],"class_list":{"0":"post-78847","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-stem-et-education","8":"cs-entry","9":"cs-video-wrap"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.4 - 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