Az Arduino hardver \u00e9s szoftver ide\u00e1lis mindazon tervez\u0151k, m\u0171v\u00e9szek \u00e9s m\u0171kedvel\u0151k sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra, akik \u00e9rdekl\u0151dnek az interakt\u00edv rendszerek tervez\u00e9se \u00e9s \u00f6ssze\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1sa ir\u00e1nt. A k\u00e1rty\u00e1k k\u00e9pesek kommunik\u00e1ci\u00f3t folytatni kamer\u00e1kkal, kapcsol\u00f3kkal, LED-l\u00e1mp\u00e1kkal, motorokkal, gombokkal, hangsz\u00f3r\u00f3kkal \u2013 hogy csak n\u00e9h\u00e1ny lehet\u0151s\u00e9get eml\u00edts\u00fcnk. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Az Arduino NY\u00c1K-jai felhaszn\u00e1l\u00e1sra ker\u00fclnek sz\u00e1mos alkalmaz\u00e1si ter\u00fcleten, p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a robotik\u00e1ban \u00e9s a hangrendszerekben. K\u00e1rty\u00e1ikat protot\u00edpusok tervez\u00e9s\u00e9hez \u00e9s programalap\u00fa vez\u00e9rl\u00e9s kifejleszt\u00e9s\u00e9hez haszn\u00e1lj\u00e1k. Az Arduino a k\u00f6nnyen haszn\u00e1lhat\u00f3 C++ programoz\u00e1si nyelv egyik v\u00e1ltozat\u00e1t alkalmazza, ami kezd\u0151k sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra egyszer\u0171bb\u00e9 \u00e9s vonz\u00f3bb\u00e1 teszi az Arduino NY\u00c1K haszn\u00e1lat\u00e1t. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mib\u0151l \u00e1ll az Arduino NY\u00c1K?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n![\"Arduino](\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABAQMAAAAl21bKAAAAA1BMVEUAAP+KeNJXAAAAAXRSTlMAQObYZgAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAAApJREFUCNdjYAAAAAIAAeIhvDMAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\")
1. \u00e1bra: az Arduino Uno NY\u00c1K. Forr\u00e1s: Sparkfun<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\nK\u00fcl\u00f6nf\u00e9le t\u00edpus\u00fa Arduino k\u00e1rty\u00e1k l\u00e9teznek, amelyek k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 c\u00e9lokra haszn\u00e1lhat\u00f3k. B\u00e1r a k\u00e1rty\u00e1k kialak\u00edt\u00e1sa bizonyos m\u00e9rt\u00e9kig elt\u00e9r\u0151, az al\u00e1bbi elemek \u00e1ltal\u00e1ban minden Arduino k\u00e1rty\u00e1n megtal\u00e1lhat\u00f3k: <\/p>\n\n\n\n
USB\/Hengeres jackdug\u00f3<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\nMinden Arduino k\u00e1rty\u00e1t csatlakoztatni kell az \u00e1ramforr\u00e1shoz. Ehhez haszn\u00e1lhat USB-k\u00e1belt, amellyel sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9p\u00e9hez csatlakoztatja a k\u00e1rty\u00e1t, vagy fali csatlakoz\u00f3 aljzatot. A fenti 1. \u00e1br\u00e1n (1)-es sz\u00e1mmal jel\u00f6lt\u00fck az USB-portot, \u00e9s (2)-es sz\u00e1mmal a (h\u00e1l\u00f3zati t\u00e1pell\u00e1t\u00e1shoz haszn\u00e1land\u00f3) hengeres jackdug\u00f3t. Az Arduino k\u00e1rtya csak 20 V-n\u00e1l alacsonyabb fesz\u00fclts\u00e9g\u0171 \u00e1ramforr\u00e1shoz csatlakoztathat\u00f3. Enn\u00e9l magasabb fesz\u00fclts\u00e9g\u0171 \u00e1ramforr\u00e1s t\u00falfesz\u00fclts\u00e9get okozhat, ami t\u00f6nkreteheti az Arduino k\u00e1rty\u00e1t. Ez\u00e9rt 6\u201312 V fesz\u00fclts\u00e9g\u0171 \u00e1ramforr\u00e1s haszn\u00e1lata aj\u00e1nlott. A programot USB-k\u00e1bel haszn\u00e1lat\u00e1val tudjuk felt\u00f6lteni az Arduino k\u00e1rty\u00e1ra. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Csatlakoz\u00f3t\u00fcsk\u00e9k<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\nA csatlakoz\u00f3t\u00fcsk\u00e9k lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszik, hogy huzalok k\u00e1rty\u00e1ra r\u00f6gz\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9vel \u00e1ramk\u00f6r\u00f6ket k\u00e9sz\u00edts\u00fcnk. A t\u00fcsk\u00e9k \u00e1ltal\u00e1ban deszkamodellel \u00e9s huzallal egy\u00fctt ker\u00fclnek felhaszn\u00e1l\u00e1sra. A t\u00fcsk\u00e9k fekete m\u0171anyag \u201ecsapl\u00e9cekkel\u201d rendelkeznek, amelyek egyenesen a k\u00e1rty\u00e1ra vezetik a huzalokat. Az Arduino k\u00e1rty\u00e1t k\u00fcl\u00f6nf\u00e9le t\u00fcsk\u00e9kkel szerelt\u00e9k fel, amelyek a k\u00e1rtya pereme ment\u00e9n helyezkednek el (l\u00e1sd az 1. \u00e1br\u00e1n 3\u20139-es sz\u00e1mmal jel\u00f6lve). A k\u00e1rty\u00e1kon az al\u00e1bbi csatlakoz\u00f3t\u00fcsk\u00e9k tal\u00e1lhat\u00f3k: <\/p>\n\n\n\n
- GND (f\u00f6ldel\u0151) t\u00fcske \u2013 az Arduino t\u00f6bb f\u00f6ldel\u0151 t\u00fcsk\u00e9t (3) tartalmaz, amelyek f\u00f6ldelik az \u00e1ramk\u00f6rt. F\u00f6ldelt \u00e1ramk\u00f6rr\u0151l besz\u00e9l\u00fcnk, amikor sz\u00e1nd\u00e9kosan k\u00f6zvetlen kapcsolatot alak\u00edtunk ki az \u00e1ramk\u00f6rh\u00f6z csatlakoz\u00f3 egyik vezet\u0151 huzal \u00e9s a f\u00f6ld k\u00f6z\u00f6tt. <\/li>
- 5 V (4) \u00e9s 3,3 V (5) \u2013 E t\u00fcsk\u00e9k szerepe egy\u00e9rtelm\u0171. Az egyik biztos\u00edtja a 3,3 V-os \u00e1ramell\u00e1t\u00e1st, a m\u00e1sik az \u00f6tvoltos \u00e1ramell\u00e1t\u00e1st. Az Arduino k\u00e1rtya legt\u00f6bb eleme a kett\u0151 k\u00f6z\u00fcl b\u00e1rmely fesz\u00fclts\u00e9gen k\u00e9pes m\u0171k\u00f6dni. <\/li>
- Anal\u00f3g (6) \u2013 E csatlakoz\u00f3t\u00fcsk\u00e9k az 1. \u00e1br\u00e1n, az \u201eanal\u00f3g bemenet\u201d r\u00e9sz alatt l\u00e1that\u00f3k. Ezek a t\u00fcsk\u00e9k k\u00e9pesek \u00e9rtelmezni \u00e9s olvashat\u00f3 digit\u00e1lis sz\u00e1mm\u00e1 konvert\u00e1lni az anal\u00f3g \u00e9rz\u00e9kel\u0151k \u00e1ltal k\u00fcld\u00f6tt jeleket. <\/li>
- Digit\u00e1lis (7) \u2013 A k\u00e1rtya ellenkez\u0151 oldal\u00e1n tal\u00e1lhat\u00f3k a digit\u00e1lis t\u00fcsk\u00e9k (0\u201313). Ezek digit\u00e1lis bemenetekhez \u00e9s kimenetekhez haszn\u00e1lhat\u00f3k. <\/li>
- PWM (8) \u2013 N\u00e9h\u00e1ny digit\u00e1lis t\u00fcsk\u00e9t \u201e~\u201d szimb\u00f3lummal jel\u00f6lt\u00fcnk a fenti 1. \u00e1br\u00e1n. Ezek a t\u00fcsk\u00e9k a szokv\u00e1nyos digit\u00e1lis alkalmaz\u00e1s mellett elegend\u0151 teljes\u00edtm\u00e9nnyel rendelkeznek az impulzussz\u00e9less\u00e9g-modul\u00e1ci\u00f3hoz (PWM). A PWM m\u00f3dszer alkalmaz\u00e1s\u00e1val anal\u00f3g eredm\u00e9nyeket \u00e9rhet\u00fcnk el digit\u00e1lis eszk\u00f6z\u00f6kkel. <\/li>
- AREF (9) \u2013 Ez az anal\u00f3g referenci\u00e1ra utal. Ezzel a sokszor kihaszn\u00e1latlan funkci\u00f3val meghat\u00e1rozhatunk egy k\u00fcls\u0151 referenciafesz\u00fclts\u00e9get az anal\u00f3g bemeneti t\u00fcsk\u00e9k maxim\u00e1lis teljes\u00edtm\u00e9nyek\u00e9nt. <\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Vissza\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1s gomb<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\nA vissza\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1s gomb (10) megnyom\u00e1s\u00e1val ideiglenesen f\u00f6ldelhetj\u00fck a vissza\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00f3 t\u00fcsk\u00e9t \u00e9s \u00fajraind\u00edthatjuk az Arduino k\u00e1rty\u00e1ra felt\u00f6lt\u00f6tt programot. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u00e1pell\u00e1t\u00e1sjelz\u0151 LED-l\u00e1mpa<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\nAz 1. \u00e1bra \u201eON\u201d felirata mellett l\u00e1that\u00f3 egy LED-l\u00e1mpa. A LED-l\u00e1mpa kigyullad, amikor az Arduino \u00e1ramforr\u00e1shoz csatlakozik, jelezve, hogy biztos\u00edtott a k\u00e1rtya t\u00e1pell\u00e1t\u00e1sa. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
TX \u00e9s RX LED-l\u00e1mp\u00e1k<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\nTX (jelad\u00f3) \u00e9s RX (jelvev\u0151) a soros kommunik\u00e1ci\u00f3t lehet\u0151v\u00e9 t\u00e9v\u0151 t\u00fcsk\u00e9ket jel\u00f6li. Ezek a jelek k\u00e9tszer is szerepelnek az 1. \u00e1br\u00e1n, a 0 \u00e9s 1 digit\u00e1lis t\u00fcske mellett, valamint a TX \u00e9s RX LED-jelz\u0151f\u00e9nyekn\u00e9l (12). Ezek a LED-jelz\u0151f\u00e9nyek mutatj\u00e1k, amikor az Arduino adatokat tov\u00e1bb\u00edt vagy fogad.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
F\u0151 IC<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\nAz 1. \u00e1br\u00e1n l\u00e1that\u00f3 m\u00e9g az integr\u00e1lt \u00e1ramk\u00f6r r\u00f6vid\u00edt\u00e9se, az IC (13). Az integr\u00e1lt \u00e1ramk\u00f6r l\u00e9nyeg\u00e9ben az Arduino NY\u00c1K agya. A k\u00e1rty\u00e1k m\u00e1s \u00e9s m\u00e1s integr\u00e1lt \u00e1ramk\u00f6rt tartalmazhatnak, fontos azonban tiszt\u00e1ban lenn\u00fcnk azzal, hogy milyen \u00e1ramk\u00f6rt haszn\u00e1lunk, amikor az Arduino szoftverrel \u00faj programot t\u00f6lt\u00fcnk fel a k\u00e1rty\u00e1ra. Az integr\u00e1lt \u00e1ramk\u00f6r t\u00edpus\u00e1t rendszerint felt\u00fcntetik a fel\u00fclet\u00e9n. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Fesz\u00fclts\u00e9gszab\u00e1lyoz\u00f3<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\nA fesz\u00fclts\u00e9gszab\u00e1lyoz\u00f3 (14) fontos szerepet t\u00f6lt be abban, hogy a megfelel\u0151 mennyis\u00e9g\u0171 \u00e1ram haladjon kereszt\u00fcl a k\u00e1rty\u00e1n. L\u00e9nyeg\u00e9ben megakad\u00e1lyozza, hogy felesleges \u00e1rammennyis\u00e9g ker\u00fclj\u00f6n a rendszerbe, meg\u00f3vva ez\u00e1ltal az Arduino k\u00e1rty\u00e1t a k\u00e1rosod\u00e1st\u00f3l. Ezt a feladat\u00e1t azonban csak \u00e9szszer\u0171 m\u00e9rt\u00e9kben tudja ell\u00e1tni, vagyis a k\u00e1rtya nem csatlakoztathat\u00f3 b\u00e1rmilyen \u00e1ramforr\u00e1shoz. Az \u00e1ramforr\u00e1s maxim\u00e1lis fesz\u00fclts\u00e9ge 20 V lehet. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Az Arduino NY\u00c1K t\u00edpusai<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
A leg\u00fajabb t\u00edpus\u00fa Arduino a kor\u00e1bban m\u00e1r eml\u00edtett Arduino Uno<\/a>, amely a kezd\u0151k sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra ide\u00e1lis NY\u00c1K, hiszen tartalmaz mindent, amire csak egy elektronikus rendszer fel\u00e9p\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9hez sz\u00fcks\u00e9g lehet. Az Arduino NY\u00c1K-nak azonban sz\u00e1mos t\u00edpusa l\u00e9tezik, \u00e9s mindegyik k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 c\u00e9lokat szolg\u00e1l. Elengedhetetlen tiszt\u00e1ban lenn\u00fcnk azzal, hogy az \u00e1ltalunk tervezett konkr\u00e9t rendszerhez melyik t\u00edpusra van sz\u00fcks\u00e9g\u00fcnk. Az al\u00e1bbiakban bemutatjuk az Arduino csal\u00e1d n\u00e9h\u00e1ny m\u00e1sik tagj\u00e1t:<\/p>\n\n\n\nLilyPad Arduino<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\nA LilyPad Arduino mikrovez\u00e9rl\u0151t e-textilekhez \u00e9s viselhet\u0151 technol\u00f3g\u00e1khoz fejlesztett\u00e9k ki. A LilyPad s\u00edk h\u00e1tlapja \u00e9s nagy csatlakoz\u00f3 lapjai lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszik a ruh\u00e1zatba val\u00f3 bevarr\u00e1s\u00e1t vezet\u0151k\u00e9pes c\u00e9rna haszn\u00e1lat\u00e1val. A LilyPad megakad\u00e1lyozza a fonalh\u00faz\u00f3d\u00e1st, moshat\u00f3, \u00e9s z\u00f6kken\u0151mentesen k\u00e9pes csatlakozni m\u00e1s eszk\u00f6z\u00f6kh\u00f6z. <\/p>\n\n\n\n![\"Arduino](\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAA\/wAAAI6AQMAAACgqdGlAAAAA1BMVEUAAP+KeNJXAAAAAXRSTlMAQObYZgAAAAlwSFlzAAAOxAAADsQBlSsOGwAAAF1JREFUeNrtwQEBAAAAgiD\/r25IQAEAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAvBsfSQABeZS+xAAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==\")
2. \u00e1bra: LilyPad Arduino <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n\nFedezze fel a LilyPad Arduino k\u00e1rty\u00e1t<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\nArduino Leonardo<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\nA Leonardo az Arduino els\u0151 fejleszt\u0151k\u00e1rty\u00e1ja, amely be\u00e9p\u00edtett USB-vel ell\u00e1tott mikrovez\u00e9rl\u0151vel rendelkezik. Alapja az ATmega32u4 mikrovez\u00e9rl\u0151, \u00e9s tartalmaz 20 digit\u00e1lis be- \u00e9s kimeneti csatlakoz\u00f3t\u00fcsk\u00e9t (amelyek k\u00f6z\u00fcl h\u00e9t PWM-kimenetk\u00e9nt haszn\u00e1lhat\u00f3), egy microUSB-csatlakoz\u00f3t \u00e9s egy vissza\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00f3 gombot. \u00c1ramell\u00e1t\u00e1sa v\u00e1lt\u00f3\u00e1ram\u00fa\/egyen\u00e1ram\u00fa t\u00e1pegys\u00e9ggel biztos\u00edthat\u00f3, a sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9prendszerhez pedig USB-n kereszt\u00fcl csatlakoztathat\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n3. \u00e1bra: Arduino Leonardo<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n\nFedezze fel az Arduino Leonardo k\u00e1rty\u00e1t<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\nArduino Mega<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\nAz Arduino Mega t\u00f6k\u00e9letes v\u00e1laszt\u00e1s a sok csatlakoz\u00f3t\u00fcsk\u00e9t ig\u00e9nyl\u0151 rendszerekhez, mivel a mikrovez\u00e9rl\u0151 54 be- \u00e9s kimeneti t\u00fcsk\u00e9vel rendelkezik. Ezek k\u00f6z\u00fcl 14 PWM-kimenetk\u00e9nt haszn\u00e1lhat\u00f3, 16 anal\u00f3g t\u00fcskek\u00e9nt funkcion\u00e1l, n\u00e9gy pedig hardverport sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra ker\u00fclt kialak\u00edt\u00e1sra. A k\u00e1rtya emellett 256 KB flashmem\u00f3ri\u00e1t biztos\u00edt adatt\u00e1rol\u00e1shoz. USB-n kereszt\u00fcl csatlakoztathat\u00f3 a sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9phez.<\/p>\n\n\n\n4. \u00e1bra: Arduino Mega<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n\nArduino Mega v\u00e1s\u00e1rl\u00e1sa<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\nArduino Nano<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\nA Nano a legkisebb, rendszerek fel\u00e9p\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9re haszn\u00e1lhat\u00f3 k\u00e1rtya. A NY\u00c1K 22 be- \u00e9s kimeneti csatlakoz\u00f3t\u00fcsk\u00e9t tartalmaz, amelyek k\u00f6z\u00fcl hat haszn\u00e1lhat\u00f3 PWM-kimenetk\u00e9nt. Emellett 32 KB fleshmem\u00f3ri\u00e1t biztos\u00edt az adatok t\u00e1rol\u00e1s\u00e1hoz. A szabv\u00e1nyos v\u00e1ltozat helyett Mini-B USB-k\u00e1bellel csatlakoztathat\u00f3, \u00e9s kiv\u00e9telesen alacsony energiafogyaszt\u00e1ssal b\u00fcszk\u00e9lkedhet. <\/p>\n\n\n\n5. \u00e1bra: Arduino Nano<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n\nFedezze fel az Arduino Nano k\u00e1rty\u00e1t<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\nAz Arduino NY\u00c1K haszn\u00e1lat\u00e1t megk\u00f6nny\u00edt\u0151 eszk\u00f6z\u00f6k<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Az Arduino k\u00e1rty\u00e1ban rejl\u0151 lehet\u0151s\u00e9gek teljes k\u00f6r\u0171 kiakn\u00e1z\u00e1s\u00e1hoz \u00f6ssze kell k\u00f6tni a k\u00e1rty\u00e1t m\u00e1s rendszerelemekkel. A rendszer \u00e9letre kelt\u00e9s\u00e9hez \u00e9rdemes \u00e9rz\u00e9kel\u0151ket \u00e9s shieldeket (sorkapocs k\u00e1rty\u00e1kat) haszn\u00e1lnunk. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00c9rz\u00e9kel\u0151k<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\nN\u00e9h\u00e1ny egyszer\u0171 sor hozz\u00e1ad\u00e1s\u00e1val az Arduino NY\u00c1K k\u00e9pes kommunik\u00e1lni j\u00f3 n\u00e9h\u00e1ny \u00e9rz\u00e9kel\u0151t\u00edpussal, p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul f\u00e9ny-, h\u0151-, nyom\u00e1s-, k\u00f6zels\u00e9g- \u00e9s nedvess\u00e9g\u00e9rz\u00e9kel\u0151vel. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
\nArduino \u00e9rz\u00e9kel\u0151k b\u00f6ng\u00e9sz\u00e9se<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\nShieldek<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\nA shieldek el\u0151regy\u00e1rtott \u00e1ramk\u00f6ri k\u00e1rty\u00e1k, amelyek Arduino NY\u00c1K-ra r\u00f6gz\u00edtve tov\u00e1bbi funkci\u00f3kat tesznek el\u00e9rhet\u0151v\u00e9. Shieldekkel vez\u00e9relhet\u0151k motorok \u00e9s LCD-k\u00e9perny\u0151k, \u00e9s csatlakoztathat\u00f3 a rendszer az internetre, hogy csak n\u00e9h\u00e1ny p\u00e9ld\u00e1t eml\u00edts\u00fcnk.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\nArduino shieldek b\u00f6ng\u00e9sz\u00e9se<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\nAz Arduino NY\u00c1K el\u0151nyei<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Az Arduino k\u00e1rty\u00e1k remek\u00fcl haszn\u00e1lhat\u00f3k t\u00f6bb elektronikus rendszer tervez\u00e9s\u00e9hez \u00e9s fel\u00e9p\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9hez. \u00cdme n\u00e9h\u00e1ny ok, mi\u00e9rt v\u00e1lasszunk Arduino k\u00e1rty\u00e1t: <\/p>\n\n\n\n
- K\u00f6lts\u00e9ghat\u00e9kony<\/strong> \u2013 M\u00e1s mikrovez\u00e9rl\u0151kkel \u00f6sszevetve az Arduino NY\u00c1K olcs\u00f3bb \u00e9s praktikusabb megold\u00e1s.<\/li>
- Felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3bar\u00e1t<\/strong> \u2013 K\u00f6nnyen haszn\u00e1lhat\u00f3 integr\u00e1lt fejleszt\u0151i k\u00f6rnyezet\u00e9nek k\u00f6sz\u00f6nhet\u0151en az \u00e1ramk\u00f6ri k\u00e1rtya egyar\u00e1nt ide\u00e1lis kezd\u0151k \u00e9s szakemberek sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra.<\/li>
- Haszn\u00e1latra k\u00e9sz<\/strong> \u2013 Az Arduino NY\u00c1K egy teljes csomag, amely tartalmazza mindazon elemeket (oszcilloszk\u00f3p, soros kommunik\u00e1ci\u00f3s interf\u00e9szegys\u00e9g, mikrovez\u00e9rl\u0151, hegeszt\u0151, LED-l\u00e1mpa \u00e9s 5 V-os fesz\u00fclts\u00e9gszab\u00e1lyoz\u00f3), amelyekkel nekifoghat a k\u00edv\u00e1nt rendszerek tervez\u00e9s\u00e9nek.<\/li>
- Megb\u00edzhat\u00f3<\/strong> \u2013 Az Arduino NY\u00c1K megb\u00edzhat\u00f3 v\u00e1laszt\u00e1s, legyen sz\u00f3 ak\u00e1r \u00f6sszetett, ak\u00e1r egyszer\u0171 elektronikus rendszerek tervez\u00e9s\u00e9r\u0151l. A k\u00e1rty\u00e1k gy\u00e1rilag r\u00e1hegesztett bemeneti \u00e9s kimeneti portokkal rendelkeznek.<\/li>
- Ny\u00edlt forr\u00e1sk\u00f3d\u00fa szoftver \u00e9s hardver<\/strong> \u2013 Az Arduino NY\u00c1K ny\u00edlt forr\u00e1sk\u00f3d\u00fa hardver, amely lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi a felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3k sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra, hogy k\u00fcl\u00f6nf\u00e9le digit\u00e1lis \u00e9s anal\u00f3g csatlakoz\u00f3t\u00fcsk\u00e9kkel k\u00f6nnyed\u00e9n \u00e9p\u00edtsenek fel elektronikus rendszereket. A k\u00f6nnyen haszn\u00e1lhat\u00f3 szoftver programoz\u00e1si nyelv\u00e9t a programoz\u00f3k a C++ k\u00f6nyvt\u00e1ron kereszt\u00fcl kib\u0151v\u00edthetik.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Arduino kezd\u0151k\u00e9szlet<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Az Arduino kezd\u0151k\u00e9szlet remek v\u00e1laszt\u00e1s az els\u0151 Ardunio projekt kivitelez\u00e9s\u00e9hez. A kezd\u0151k\u00e9szlet, amelyet kifejezetten a kezd\u0151k ig\u00e9nyei szerint \u00e1ll\u00edtottak \u00f6ssze, l\u00e9p\u00e9sr\u0151l l\u00e9p\u00e9sre kereszt\u00fclvezeti a felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3t az Arduino haszn\u00e1lat\u00e1nak alapismeretein. Az Arduino UNO k\u00e1rty\u00e1ra \u00e9p\u00fcl\u0151 k\u00e9szlethez k\u00e9zik\u00f6nyvet mell\u00e9keltek, amelynek seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel a tanul\u00e1si folyamat sor\u00e1n sz\u00e1mos k\u00fcl\u00f6nf\u00e9le kreat\u00edv projekt megval\u00f3s\u00edthat\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
A k\u00e9szlet emellett tartalmazza a legn\u00e9pszer\u0171bb \u00e9s legpraktikusabb elektronikus alkatr\u00e9szeket, \u00edgy a felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3 id\u0151t \u00e9s energi\u00e1t takar\u00edt meg az\u00e1ltal, hogy nem kell keresg\u00e9lnie \u00e9s kiv\u00e1lasztania a sz\u00fcks\u00e9ges elemeket. A kezd\u0151k\u00e9szlet ir\u00e1nymutat\u00e1st ny\u00fajt ahhoz, hogyan vez\u00e9relhet\u0151 a k\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00f6tt\u00fcnk l\u00e9v\u0151 vil\u00e1g \u00e9rz\u00e9kel\u0151kkel \u00e9s aktu\u00e1torokkal. Els\u0151k\u00e9nt seg\u00edt elsaj\u00e1t\u00edtani az elektronika alapjait, majd fokozatosan halad az \u00f6sszetettebb rendszerek fel\u00e9. Miut\u00e1n befejezte a k\u00e9szlettel megval\u00f3s\u00edthat\u00f3 valamennyi projektet, rendelkezni fog j\u00f3 n\u00e9h\u00e1ny szoftverrel, \u00e1ramk\u00f6rrel \u2013 \u00e9s ami a legfontosabb \u2013 olyan ismeretekkel, amelyek lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszik, hogy b\u00e1tran nekikezdjen a nehezebb feladatoknak.<\/p>\n\n\n\nArduino kezd\u0151k\u00e9szlet<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Can Arduino run Python?<\/strong><\/strong> Arduino uses its own code which is a version of C++, but it is possible to run Arduino with Python too. For a step-by-step guide of running Python on Arduino, take a look here<\/a>.<\/p> <\/div> Are Arduino and Raspberry Pi the same?<\/strong><\/strong> Arduino and Raspberry Pi are not the same. Arduino is a microcontroller board and Raspberry Pi is a microprocessor based mini computer used to perform ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit) operations. The Arduino board is also much simpler to use than Raspberry Pi.<\/p> <\/div>
Which Arduino should be used for beginners?<\/strong><\/strong> The Arduino Uno is the ideal PCB for beginners as it\u2019s easy to use, it provides all the basic functionality requirements for simple projects and it\u2019s also cheap.<\/p> <\/div>
How long does it take to master an Arduino PCB?<\/strong><\/strong> As Arduino is relatively simple to learn, it will generally take around 3-4 months to master the basics.<\/p> <\/div>
What is the best way to learn Arduino?<\/strong><\/strong> The best way to learn Arduino is to get hands-on and buy one.<\/p> <\/div>
Where can I download the Arduino IDE?<\/strong><\/strong> Arduino PCB can send data to another computer using WiFi, Ethernet, Bluetooth or the serial connection.<\/p> <\/div>
What ways can Arduino store data?<\/strong><\/strong>
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He studied Journalism at University of Central Lancashire, specialising in Print Journalism. During the course he gained experience in working for major national organisations, such as The Independent and BBC. His interests include digitalisation and technology trends. In his spare time, Jack likes to play football, learn languages and attend live music events.\",\"sameAs\":[\"http:\/\/www.distrelec.com\",\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/jack-p-59973494\"],\"url\":\"https:\/\/knowhow.distrelec.com\/hu\/author\/jack-portley\/\"},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/knowhow.distrelec.com\/hu\/elektronika-hu\/utmutato-arduino-nyomtatott-aramkori-kartyakhoz\/#faq-question-1678978023515\",\"position\":1,\"url\":\"https:\/\/knowhow.distrelec.com\/hu\/elektronika-hu\/utmutato-arduino-nyomtatott-aramkori-kartyakhoz\/#faq-question-1678978023515\",\"name\":\"Can Arduino run Python?\",\"answerCount\":1,\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Arduino uses its own code which is a version of C++, but it is possible to run Arduino with Python too. For a step-by-step guide of running Python on Arduino, take a look <a href=\\\"https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/can-arduino-run-python\/\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noreferrer noopener\\\">here<\/a>.\",\"inLanguage\":\"hu\"},\"inLanguage\":\"hu\"},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/knowhow.distrelec.com\/hu\/elektronika-hu\/utmutato-arduino-nyomtatott-aramkori-kartyakhoz\/#faq-question-1678978058978\",\"position\":2,\"url\":\"https:\/\/knowhow.distrelec.com\/hu\/elektronika-hu\/utmutato-arduino-nyomtatott-aramkori-kartyakhoz\/#faq-question-1678978058978\",\"name\":\"Are Arduino and Raspberry Pi the same?\",\"answerCount\":1,\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Arduino and Raspberry Pi are not the same. Arduino is a microcontroller board and Raspberry Pi is a microprocessor based mini computer used to perform ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit) operations. 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For a step-by-step guide of running Python on Arduino, take a look <a href=\"https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/can-arduino-run-python\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a>.","inLanguage":"hu"},"inLanguage":"hu"},{"@type":"Question","@id":"https:\/\/knowhow.distrelec.com\/hu\/elektronika-hu\/utmutato-arduino-nyomtatott-aramkori-kartyakhoz\/#faq-question-1678978058978","position":2,"url":"https:\/\/knowhow.distrelec.com\/hu\/elektronika-hu\/utmutato-arduino-nyomtatott-aramkori-kartyakhoz\/#faq-question-1678978058978","name":"Are Arduino and Raspberry Pi the same?","answerCount":1,"acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"Arduino and Raspberry Pi are not the same. Arduino is a microcontroller board and Raspberry Pi is a microprocessor based mini computer used to perform ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit) operations. The Arduino board is also much simpler to use than Raspberry Pi.","inLanguage":"hu"},"inLanguage":"hu"},{"@type":"Question","@id":"https:\/\/knowhow.distrelec.com\/hu\/elektronika-hu\/utmutato-arduino-nyomtatott-aramkori-kartyakhoz\/#faq-question-1678978078301","position":3,"url":"https:\/\/knowhow.distrelec.com\/hu\/elektronika-hu\/utmutato-arduino-nyomtatott-aramkori-kartyakhoz\/#faq-question-1678978078301","name":"Which Arduino should be used for beginners?","answerCount":1,"acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"The Arduino Uno is the ideal PCB for beginners as it\u2019s easy to use, it provides all the basic functionality requirements for simple projects and it\u2019s also cheap.","inLanguage":"hu"},"inLanguage":"hu"},{"@type":"Question","@id":"https:\/\/knowhow.distrelec.com\/hu\/elektronika-hu\/utmutato-arduino-nyomtatott-aramkori-kartyakhoz\/#faq-question-1678978094688","position":4,"url":"https:\/\/knowhow.distrelec.com\/hu\/elektronika-hu\/utmutato-arduino-nyomtatott-aramkori-kartyakhoz\/#faq-question-1678978094688","name":"How long does it take to master an Arduino PCB?","answerCount":1,"acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"As Arduino is relatively simple to learn, it will generally take around 3-4 months to master the basics.","inLanguage":"hu"},"inLanguage":"hu"},{"@type":"Question","@id":"https:\/\/knowhow.distrelec.com\/hu\/elektronika-hu\/utmutato-arduino-nyomtatott-aramkori-kartyakhoz\/#faq-question-1678978111766","position":5,"url":"https:\/\/knowhow.distrelec.com\/hu\/elektronika-hu\/utmutato-arduino-nyomtatott-aramkori-kartyakhoz\/#faq-question-1678978111766","name":"What is the best way to learn Arduino?","answerCount":1,"acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"The best way to learn Arduino is to get hands-on and buy one.","inLanguage":"hu"},"inLanguage":"hu"},{"@type":"Question","@id":"https:\/\/knowhow.distrelec.com\/hu\/elektronika-hu\/utmutato-arduino-nyomtatott-aramkori-kartyakhoz\/#faq-question-1678978125486","position":6,"url":"https:\/\/knowhow.distrelec.com\/hu\/elektronika-hu\/utmutato-arduino-nyomtatott-aramkori-kartyakhoz\/#faq-question-1678978125486","name":"Where can I download the Arduino IDE?","answerCount":1,"acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"<br\/>The Arduino IDE is easy to download and runs well on Windows, Mac OS X and Linux. 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For full instructions on how to install the software and start using your board click <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tutorialspoint.com\/arduino\/arduino_installation.htm#\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a>.","inLanguage":"hu"},"inLanguage":"hu"},{"@type":"Question","@id":"https:\/\/knowhow.distrelec.com\/hu\/elektronika-hu\/utmutato-arduino-nyomtatott-aramkori-kartyakhoz\/#faq-question-1678978141240","position":7,"url":"https:\/\/knowhow.distrelec.com\/hu\/elektronika-hu\/utmutato-arduino-nyomtatott-aramkori-kartyakhoz\/#faq-question-1678978141240","name":"Can Arduino PCB send data to another computer?","answerCount":1,"acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"Arduino PCB can send data to another computer using WiFi, Ethernet, Bluetooth or the serial connection.","inLanguage":"hu"},"inLanguage":"hu"},{"@type":"Question","@id":"https:\/\/knowhow.distrelec.com\/hu\/elektronika-hu\/utmutato-arduino-nyomtatott-aramkori-kartyakhoz\/#faq-question-1678978156377","position":8,"url":"https:\/\/knowhow.distrelec.com\/hu\/elektronika-hu\/utmutato-arduino-nyomtatott-aramkori-kartyakhoz\/#faq-question-1678978156377","name":"What ways can Arduino store data?","answerCount":1,"acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"<br\/>EEPROM (electronically erasable programmable read-only memory), an SD card plugged into a shield, cloud data storage, FRAM (ferroelectric random access memory), a database on another device, a USB flash drive.<br\/>","inLanguage":"hu"},"inLanguage":"hu"}]}},"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/knowhow.distrelec.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/iStock-458960107.jpg","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/knowhow.distrelec.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/46967","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/knowhow.distrelec.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/knowhow.distrelec.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/knowhow.distrelec.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/27"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/knowhow.distrelec.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=46967"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/knowhow.distrelec.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/46967\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/knowhow.distrelec.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/45843"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/knowhow.distrelec.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=46967"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/knowhow.distrelec.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=46967"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/knowhow.distrelec.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=46967"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/knowhow.distrelec.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=46967"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
![\"Arduino](\"https:\/\/knowhow.distrelec.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/2023-03-07-13_24_46-What-is-an-Arduino_-SparkFun-Learn-2.png\")
K\u00fcl\u00f6nf\u00e9le t\u00edpus\u00fa Arduino k\u00e1rty\u00e1k l\u00e9teznek, amelyek k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 c\u00e9lokra haszn\u00e1lhat\u00f3k. B\u00e1r a k\u00e1rty\u00e1k kialak\u00edt\u00e1sa bizonyos m\u00e9rt\u00e9kig elt\u00e9r\u0151, az al\u00e1bbi elemek \u00e1ltal\u00e1ban minden Arduino k\u00e1rty\u00e1n megtal\u00e1lhat\u00f3k: <\/p>\n\n\n\n
USB\/Hengeres jackdug\u00f3<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n Minden Arduino k\u00e1rty\u00e1t csatlakoztatni kell az \u00e1ramforr\u00e1shoz. Ehhez haszn\u00e1lhat USB-k\u00e1belt, amellyel sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9p\u00e9hez csatlakoztatja a k\u00e1rty\u00e1t, vagy fali csatlakoz\u00f3 aljzatot. A fenti 1. \u00e1br\u00e1n (1)-es sz\u00e1mmal jel\u00f6lt\u00fck az USB-portot, \u00e9s (2)-es sz\u00e1mmal a (h\u00e1l\u00f3zati t\u00e1pell\u00e1t\u00e1shoz haszn\u00e1land\u00f3) hengeres jackdug\u00f3t. Az Arduino k\u00e1rtya csak 20 V-n\u00e1l alacsonyabb fesz\u00fclts\u00e9g\u0171 \u00e1ramforr\u00e1shoz csatlakoztathat\u00f3. Enn\u00e9l magasabb fesz\u00fclts\u00e9g\u0171 \u00e1ramforr\u00e1s t\u00falfesz\u00fclts\u00e9get okozhat, ami t\u00f6nkreteheti az Arduino k\u00e1rty\u00e1t. Ez\u00e9rt 6\u201312 V fesz\u00fclts\u00e9g\u0171 \u00e1ramforr\u00e1s haszn\u00e1lata aj\u00e1nlott. A programot USB-k\u00e1bel haszn\u00e1lat\u00e1val tudjuk felt\u00f6lteni az Arduino k\u00e1rty\u00e1ra. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Csatlakoz\u00f3t\u00fcsk\u00e9k<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n A csatlakoz\u00f3t\u00fcsk\u00e9k lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszik, hogy huzalok k\u00e1rty\u00e1ra r\u00f6gz\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9vel \u00e1ramk\u00f6r\u00f6ket k\u00e9sz\u00edts\u00fcnk. A t\u00fcsk\u00e9k \u00e1ltal\u00e1ban deszkamodellel \u00e9s huzallal egy\u00fctt ker\u00fclnek felhaszn\u00e1l\u00e1sra. A t\u00fcsk\u00e9k fekete m\u0171anyag \u201ecsapl\u00e9cekkel\u201d rendelkeznek, amelyek egyenesen a k\u00e1rty\u00e1ra vezetik a huzalokat. Az Arduino k\u00e1rty\u00e1t k\u00fcl\u00f6nf\u00e9le t\u00fcsk\u00e9kkel szerelt\u00e9k fel, amelyek a k\u00e1rtya pereme ment\u00e9n helyezkednek el (l\u00e1sd az 1. \u00e1br\u00e1n 3\u20139-es sz\u00e1mmal jel\u00f6lve). A k\u00e1rty\u00e1kon az al\u00e1bbi csatlakoz\u00f3t\u00fcsk\u00e9k tal\u00e1lhat\u00f3k: <\/p>\n\n\n\n Vissza\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1s gomb<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n A vissza\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1s gomb (10) megnyom\u00e1s\u00e1val ideiglenesen f\u00f6ldelhetj\u00fck a vissza\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00f3 t\u00fcsk\u00e9t \u00e9s \u00fajraind\u00edthatjuk az Arduino k\u00e1rty\u00e1ra felt\u00f6lt\u00f6tt programot. <\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u00e1pell\u00e1t\u00e1sjelz\u0151 LED-l\u00e1mpa<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n Az 1. \u00e1bra \u201eON\u201d felirata mellett l\u00e1that\u00f3 egy LED-l\u00e1mpa. A LED-l\u00e1mpa kigyullad, amikor az Arduino \u00e1ramforr\u00e1shoz csatlakozik, jelezve, hogy biztos\u00edtott a k\u00e1rtya t\u00e1pell\u00e1t\u00e1sa. <\/p>\n\n\n\n TX \u00e9s RX LED-l\u00e1mp\u00e1k<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n TX (jelad\u00f3) \u00e9s RX (jelvev\u0151) a soros kommunik\u00e1ci\u00f3t lehet\u0151v\u00e9 t\u00e9v\u0151 t\u00fcsk\u00e9ket jel\u00f6li. Ezek a jelek k\u00e9tszer is szerepelnek az 1. \u00e1br\u00e1n, a 0 \u00e9s 1 digit\u00e1lis t\u00fcske mellett, valamint a TX \u00e9s RX LED-jelz\u0151f\u00e9nyekn\u00e9l (12). Ezek a LED-jelz\u0151f\u00e9nyek mutatj\u00e1k, amikor az Arduino adatokat tov\u00e1bb\u00edt vagy fogad.<\/p>\n\n\n\n F\u0151 IC<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n Az 1. \u00e1br\u00e1n l\u00e1that\u00f3 m\u00e9g az integr\u00e1lt \u00e1ramk\u00f6r r\u00f6vid\u00edt\u00e9se, az IC (13). Az integr\u00e1lt \u00e1ramk\u00f6r l\u00e9nyeg\u00e9ben az Arduino NY\u00c1K agya. A k\u00e1rty\u00e1k m\u00e1s \u00e9s m\u00e1s integr\u00e1lt \u00e1ramk\u00f6rt tartalmazhatnak, fontos azonban tiszt\u00e1ban lenn\u00fcnk azzal, hogy milyen \u00e1ramk\u00f6rt haszn\u00e1lunk, amikor az Arduino szoftverrel \u00faj programot t\u00f6lt\u00fcnk fel a k\u00e1rty\u00e1ra. Az integr\u00e1lt \u00e1ramk\u00f6r t\u00edpus\u00e1t rendszerint felt\u00fcntetik a fel\u00fclet\u00e9n. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Fesz\u00fclts\u00e9gszab\u00e1lyoz\u00f3<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n A fesz\u00fclts\u00e9gszab\u00e1lyoz\u00f3 (14) fontos szerepet t\u00f6lt be abban, hogy a megfelel\u0151 mennyis\u00e9g\u0171 \u00e1ram haladjon kereszt\u00fcl a k\u00e1rty\u00e1n. L\u00e9nyeg\u00e9ben megakad\u00e1lyozza, hogy felesleges \u00e1rammennyis\u00e9g ker\u00fclj\u00f6n a rendszerbe, meg\u00f3vva ez\u00e1ltal az Arduino k\u00e1rty\u00e1t a k\u00e1rosod\u00e1st\u00f3l. Ezt a feladat\u00e1t azonban csak \u00e9szszer\u0171 m\u00e9rt\u00e9kben tudja ell\u00e1tni, vagyis a k\u00e1rtya nem csatlakoztathat\u00f3 b\u00e1rmilyen \u00e1ramforr\u00e1shoz. Az \u00e1ramforr\u00e1s maxim\u00e1lis fesz\u00fclts\u00e9ge 20 V lehet. <\/p>\n\n\n\n A leg\u00fajabb t\u00edpus\u00fa Arduino a kor\u00e1bban m\u00e1r eml\u00edtett Arduino Uno<\/a>, amely a kezd\u0151k sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra ide\u00e1lis NY\u00c1K, hiszen tartalmaz mindent, amire csak egy elektronikus rendszer fel\u00e9p\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9hez sz\u00fcks\u00e9g lehet. Az Arduino NY\u00c1K-nak azonban sz\u00e1mos t\u00edpusa l\u00e9tezik, \u00e9s mindegyik k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 c\u00e9lokat szolg\u00e1l. Elengedhetetlen tiszt\u00e1ban lenn\u00fcnk azzal, hogy az \u00e1ltalunk tervezett konkr\u00e9t rendszerhez melyik t\u00edpusra van sz\u00fcks\u00e9g\u00fcnk. Az al\u00e1bbiakban bemutatjuk az Arduino csal\u00e1d n\u00e9h\u00e1ny m\u00e1sik tagj\u00e1t:<\/p>\n\n\n\n LilyPad Arduino<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n A LilyPad Arduino mikrovez\u00e9rl\u0151t e-textilekhez \u00e9s viselhet\u0151 technol\u00f3g\u00e1khoz fejlesztett\u00e9k ki. A LilyPad s\u00edk h\u00e1tlapja \u00e9s nagy csatlakoz\u00f3 lapjai lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszik a ruh\u00e1zatba val\u00f3 bevarr\u00e1s\u00e1t vezet\u0151k\u00e9pes c\u00e9rna haszn\u00e1lat\u00e1val. A LilyPad megakad\u00e1lyozza a fonalh\u00faz\u00f3d\u00e1st, moshat\u00f3, \u00e9s z\u00f6kken\u0151mentesen k\u00e9pes csatlakozni m\u00e1s eszk\u00f6z\u00f6kh\u00f6z. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Arduino Leonardo<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n A Leonardo az Arduino els\u0151 fejleszt\u0151k\u00e1rty\u00e1ja, amely be\u00e9p\u00edtett USB-vel ell\u00e1tott mikrovez\u00e9rl\u0151vel rendelkezik. Alapja az ATmega32u4 mikrovez\u00e9rl\u0151, \u00e9s tartalmaz 20 digit\u00e1lis be- \u00e9s kimeneti csatlakoz\u00f3t\u00fcsk\u00e9t (amelyek k\u00f6z\u00fcl h\u00e9t PWM-kimenetk\u00e9nt haszn\u00e1lhat\u00f3), egy microUSB-csatlakoz\u00f3t \u00e9s egy vissza\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00f3 gombot. \u00c1ramell\u00e1t\u00e1sa v\u00e1lt\u00f3\u00e1ram\u00fa\/egyen\u00e1ram\u00fa t\u00e1pegys\u00e9ggel biztos\u00edthat\u00f3, a sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9prendszerhez pedig USB-n kereszt\u00fcl csatlakoztathat\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Arduino Mega<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n Az Arduino Mega t\u00f6k\u00e9letes v\u00e1laszt\u00e1s a sok csatlakoz\u00f3t\u00fcsk\u00e9t ig\u00e9nyl\u0151 rendszerekhez, mivel a mikrovez\u00e9rl\u0151 54 be- \u00e9s kimeneti t\u00fcsk\u00e9vel rendelkezik. Ezek k\u00f6z\u00fcl 14 PWM-kimenetk\u00e9nt haszn\u00e1lhat\u00f3, 16 anal\u00f3g t\u00fcskek\u00e9nt funkcion\u00e1l, n\u00e9gy pedig hardverport sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra ker\u00fclt kialak\u00edt\u00e1sra. A k\u00e1rtya emellett 256 KB flashmem\u00f3ri\u00e1t biztos\u00edt adatt\u00e1rol\u00e1shoz. USB-n kereszt\u00fcl csatlakoztathat\u00f3 a sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9phez.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Arduino Nano<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n A Nano a legkisebb, rendszerek fel\u00e9p\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9re haszn\u00e1lhat\u00f3 k\u00e1rtya. A NY\u00c1K 22 be- \u00e9s kimeneti csatlakoz\u00f3t\u00fcsk\u00e9t tartalmaz, amelyek k\u00f6z\u00fcl hat haszn\u00e1lhat\u00f3 PWM-kimenetk\u00e9nt. Emellett 32 KB fleshmem\u00f3ri\u00e1t biztos\u00edt az adatok t\u00e1rol\u00e1s\u00e1hoz. A szabv\u00e1nyos v\u00e1ltozat helyett Mini-B USB-k\u00e1bellel csatlakoztathat\u00f3, \u00e9s kiv\u00e9telesen alacsony energiafogyaszt\u00e1ssal b\u00fcszk\u00e9lkedhet. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Az Arduino k\u00e1rty\u00e1ban rejl\u0151 lehet\u0151s\u00e9gek teljes k\u00f6r\u0171 kiakn\u00e1z\u00e1s\u00e1hoz \u00f6ssze kell k\u00f6tni a k\u00e1rty\u00e1t m\u00e1s rendszerelemekkel. A rendszer \u00e9letre kelt\u00e9s\u00e9hez \u00e9rdemes \u00e9rz\u00e9kel\u0151ket \u00e9s shieldeket (sorkapocs k\u00e1rty\u00e1kat) haszn\u00e1lnunk. <\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00c9rz\u00e9kel\u0151k<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n N\u00e9h\u00e1ny egyszer\u0171 sor hozz\u00e1ad\u00e1s\u00e1val az Arduino NY\u00c1K k\u00e9pes kommunik\u00e1lni j\u00f3 n\u00e9h\u00e1ny \u00e9rz\u00e9kel\u0151t\u00edpussal, p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul f\u00e9ny-, h\u0151-, nyom\u00e1s-, k\u00f6zels\u00e9g- \u00e9s nedvess\u00e9g\u00e9rz\u00e9kel\u0151vel. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Shieldek<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n A shieldek el\u0151regy\u00e1rtott \u00e1ramk\u00f6ri k\u00e1rty\u00e1k, amelyek Arduino NY\u00c1K-ra r\u00f6gz\u00edtve tov\u00e1bbi funkci\u00f3kat tesznek el\u00e9rhet\u0151v\u00e9. Shieldekkel vez\u00e9relhet\u0151k motorok \u00e9s LCD-k\u00e9perny\u0151k, \u00e9s csatlakoztathat\u00f3 a rendszer az internetre, hogy csak n\u00e9h\u00e1ny p\u00e9ld\u00e1t eml\u00edts\u00fcnk.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Az Arduino k\u00e1rty\u00e1k remek\u00fcl haszn\u00e1lhat\u00f3k t\u00f6bb elektronikus rendszer tervez\u00e9s\u00e9hez \u00e9s fel\u00e9p\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9hez. \u00cdme n\u00e9h\u00e1ny ok, mi\u00e9rt v\u00e1lasszunk Arduino k\u00e1rty\u00e1t: <\/p>\n\n\n\n Az Arduino kezd\u0151k\u00e9szlet remek v\u00e1laszt\u00e1s az els\u0151 Ardunio projekt kivitelez\u00e9s\u00e9hez. A kezd\u0151k\u00e9szlet, amelyet kifejezetten a kezd\u0151k ig\u00e9nyei szerint \u00e1ll\u00edtottak \u00f6ssze, l\u00e9p\u00e9sr\u0151l l\u00e9p\u00e9sre kereszt\u00fclvezeti a felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3t az Arduino haszn\u00e1lat\u00e1nak alapismeretein. Az Arduino UNO k\u00e1rty\u00e1ra \u00e9p\u00fcl\u0151 k\u00e9szlethez k\u00e9zik\u00f6nyvet mell\u00e9keltek, amelynek seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel a tanul\u00e1si folyamat sor\u00e1n sz\u00e1mos k\u00fcl\u00f6nf\u00e9le kreat\u00edv projekt megval\u00f3s\u00edthat\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n A k\u00e9szlet emellett tartalmazza a legn\u00e9pszer\u0171bb \u00e9s legpraktikusabb elektronikus alkatr\u00e9szeket, \u00edgy a felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3 id\u0151t \u00e9s energi\u00e1t takar\u00edt meg az\u00e1ltal, hogy nem kell keresg\u00e9lnie \u00e9s kiv\u00e1lasztania a sz\u00fcks\u00e9ges elemeket. A kezd\u0151k\u00e9szlet ir\u00e1nymutat\u00e1st ny\u00fajt ahhoz, hogyan vez\u00e9relhet\u0151 a k\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00f6tt\u00fcnk l\u00e9v\u0151 vil\u00e1g \u00e9rz\u00e9kel\u0151kkel \u00e9s aktu\u00e1torokkal. Els\u0151k\u00e9nt seg\u00edt elsaj\u00e1t\u00edtani az elektronika alapjait, majd fokozatosan halad az \u00f6sszetettebb rendszerek fel\u00e9. Miut\u00e1n befejezte a k\u00e9szlettel megval\u00f3s\u00edthat\u00f3 valamennyi projektet, rendelkezni fog j\u00f3 n\u00e9h\u00e1ny szoftverrel, \u00e1ramk\u00f6rrel \u2013 \u00e9s ami a legfontosabb \u2013 olyan ismeretekkel, amelyek lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszik, hogy b\u00e1tran nekikezdjen a nehezebb feladatoknak.<\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n Arduino uses its own code which is a version of C++, but it is possible to run Arduino with Python too. For a step-by-step guide of running Python on Arduino, take a look here<\/a>.<\/p> <\/div> Arduino and Raspberry Pi are not the same. Arduino is a microcontroller board and Raspberry Pi is a microprocessor based mini computer used to perform ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit) operations. The Arduino board is also much simpler to use than Raspberry Pi.<\/p> <\/div> The Arduino Uno is the ideal PCB for beginners as it\u2019s easy to use, it provides all the basic functionality requirements for simple projects and it\u2019s also cheap.<\/p> <\/div> As Arduino is relatively simple to learn, it will generally take around 3-4 months to master the basics.<\/p> <\/div> The best way to learn Arduino is to get hands-on and buy one.<\/p> <\/div> Arduino PCB can send data to another computer using WiFi, Ethernet, Bluetooth or the serial connection.<\/p> <\/div> Az Arduino NY\u00c1K t\u00edpusai<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Az Arduino NY\u00c1K haszn\u00e1lat\u00e1t megk\u00f6nny\u00edt\u0151 eszk\u00f6z\u00f6k<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Az Arduino NY\u00c1K el\u0151nyei<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Arduino kezd\u0151k\u00e9szlet<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
![\"Arduino](\"https:\/\/knowhow.distrelec.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Sparkfun-DEV-12049-30145431-03.jpg\")
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